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Root Flare and Root Injection Techniques
E. S. Kondo. 1978. Proceedings of the Symposium on Systemic
Chemical Treatments. Michigan State University. Braun-Brumfield
Inc.
This American elm study demonstrated better
distribution of systemic fungicides to the upper canopy could
be attained by injection into the root flares versus the trunk.
It also noted wounds on the trunk take longer to seal and
require closer spacing than an equivalent number of injection
sites on root flares.
Fungicides for Dutch Elm Disease:
Comparative Evaluation of Commercial Products Gerald N. Lanier.
1987. Journal of Arboriculture 13:189-195
Arbotect 20-S, Phyton 27, Fungisol, and the
biological product, Binab-T (all commercially available fungicides)
were injected into American elms prior to or after the trees
were challenge inoculated with Dutch elm disease. At the end
of two seasons, none of the trees treated with Arbotect 20-S
exhibited symptoms. The other products performed significantly
worse.
Distribution and Retention of
Thiabendazole Hypophosphite and Carbendazim Phosphate Injected
into Mature American Elms M. A. Stennes and D. W. French.
1987. Phytopathology 77:707-712
When Arbotect 20-S was injected into exposed
root flares, it became thoroughly distributed to the outer
sapwood in the crown of mature American elms. Bioassays showed
that Arbotect moves into new wood and remains efficacious
for three seasons after treatment.
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